Demonstratives
Demonstratives are words used to point to specific people, places, or things. The main demonstratives in English are: this, that, these, and those.
⏰ When do we use Demonstratives?
We use demonstratives to:
-
Point to singular things close to us:
- This is my book.
- This is a good example.
-
Point to singular things far away:
- That is your pen.
- That looks interesting.
-
Point to plural things close to us:
- These are my shoes.
- These books are mine.
-
Point to plural things far away:
- Those are her glasses.
- Those flowers are beautiful.
📌 Structure
- Singular:
This / That + (noun) - Plural:
These / Those + (noun) - With verb:
This is / These are ...
📝 Note
Use “this” and “these” for things near you. Use “that” and “those” for things farther away.
- This bag is mine. (close)
- That car is fast. (far)
- These students are ready. (close, plural)
Examples: That is my phone, These are my friends.
💬 Examples
✅ Positive Examples
- This is my pencil.
- These are new shoes.
- That is your notebook.
❌ Negative Examples
- This is not my book.
- That is not your car.
- Those are not her glasses.
❓ Question Examples
- Is this your bag?
- Are those your shoes?
- Is that your friend over there?
🎯 Practice Exercises
⬇️ Interactive exercise will appear here soon.
Comparatives with Adjectives
Use comparatives to show the difference between two people, places, or things using adjectives like faster, more beautiful, or better.
⏰ When do we use Comparatives?
We use comparatives to:
-
Compare short adjectives (1 syllable):
- This chair is smaller than that one.
- My car is faster than yours.
-
Compare long adjectives (2+ syllables):
- This book is more interesting than that one.
- Her voice is more beautiful than his.
-
Change -y to -ier:
- She is friendlier than her sister.
- I feel happier today.
-
Use irregular adjectives:
- This cake is better than that one.
- His test score is worse than mine.
📌 Structure
- Short adjectives:
Adjective + -er + than - Long adjectives:
More + adjective + than - Irregulars:
Better / Worse / Farther + than
📝 Note
Not all adjectives follow the same rule:
- small → smaller
- beautiful → more beautiful
- happy → happier
Examples: This car is faster than that one. This movie is more exciting than the book.
💬 Examples
✅ Positive Examples
- This room is cleaner than the kitchen.
- This book is more interesting than that one.
- This cake is better than the other one.
❌ Negative Examples
- This room is not cleaner than the kitchen.
- This movie is not more exciting than the book.
- This cake is not better than the other one.
❓ Question Examples
- Is this room bigger than that one?
- Is the test harder this year?
- Is this city more expensive than your hometown?
🎯 Practice Exercises
⬇️ Interactive exercise will appear here soon.