Gerund Phrases

A gerund phrase is a group of words that includes a gerund (a verb ending in -ing that functions as a noun) along with its modifiers or complements. Gerund phrases can act as subjects, objects, or complements in a sentence.

1. When Do We Use Gerund Phrases?

As the subject of a sentence:
Swimming in the ocean is refreshing.(The gerund phrase “Swimming in the ocean” functions as the subject.)

As the object of a verb:
She enjoys reading mystery novels.(The gerund phrase “reading mystery novels” is the object of “enjoys.”)

2. How to Form Gerund Phrases

A gerund phrase consists of:

  • A gerund (verb + ing)
  • Objects or modifiers that complete the meaning

Basic Formation:

  1. Take the base verb
  2. Add -ing
  3. Add any objects or modifiers

Examples of formation:

  • read → reading → reading books
  • swim → swimming → swimming in the pool
  • study → studying → studying English grammar

3. Examples

Gerund phrases as subjects:
Exercising regularly improves your health.
Traveling to new countries is exciting.
Walking in the park is relaxing.
Playing video games all day isn’t healthy.
Traveling around the world is my dream.

Gerund phrases as objects:
I enjoy listening to music while working.
She avoids eating fast food.
My sister loves cooking Italian food.
They discussed moving to a new city next year.
We considered buying a new car last month.

 

Scroll to Top